Prolactinoma Treatment Options – Meds, Surgery & Monitoring Guide

When dealing with prolactinoma treatment, the process of lowering excess prolactin caused by a pituitary tumor and managing related symptoms. Also known as pituitary prolactinoma therapy, it usually begins with medication before considering surgery or radiation. The first line of therapy is dopamine agonists, drugs such as cabergoline and bromocriptine that activate dopamine receptors to suppress prolactin secretion. Most patients see a sharp drop in prolactin levels within weeks, and tumor size often shrinks without an operation. If meds don’t achieve desired control, many turn to transsphenoidal surgery, a minimally invasive procedure performed through the nasal cavity to remove the adenoma. This approach preserves normal pituitary tissue and carries a low complication rate when done by an experienced neurosurgeon. Throughout the journey, hormonal monitoring, regular blood tests for prolactin and other pituitary hormones that guide dose adjustments and detect recurrence early is essential for long‑term success.

Imaging plays a pivotal role in every step. A high‑resolution MRI scan maps the tumor’s size, shape, and proximity to surrounding structures, helping doctors decide whether medication alone will suffice or if surgery is needed. After surgery, repeat MRI checks confirm complete removal and identify any residual tissue that might require further treatment. Side effects vary by approach: dopamine agonists can cause nausea, dizziness, or low blood pressure, while surgery may lead to temporary nasal congestion or rare hormonal deficits. Lifestyle tweaks—like avoiding stress, maintaining a balanced diet, and staying hydrated—support recovery and improve medication tolerance. Patients who combine proper drug dosing with regular imaging and hormone checks often achieve normal prolactin levels and regain fertility, menstrual regularity, or libido within months.

All of this falls under prolactinoma treatment strategies that blend pharmacology, precise imaging, and diligent follow‑up. In the list below you’ll find articles that dive deeper into each component: how specific dopamine agonists compare, what to expect during transsphenoidal surgery, tips for interpreting MRI results, and real‑world stories of hormone monitoring success. Use these resources to build a clear roadmap for your own care or to support a loved one navigating this condition.